Reenforced brick building construction



0a. 29, 1935. H. J. HINCKE 2,019,133

REE'NFORCED BRICK BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed May 27, 1933 .D J' 5- IE-5 BL l Z I) y J INVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 29, 1935 PATENT OFFICEREENFORCED BRICK BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Henry J. Hincke, Los Angcles,Calif.

Application May 27, 1933, Serial No. 673,232

1 Claim.

This invention relates to and has for a primary object the provision ofa reenforced brick building construction, particularly adapted tostrengthen and insure brick building walls 5 against damage by shockfrom earthquakes or other causes.

The invention contemplates the employment of brick of the usual size andform except that each brick of the structure is provided with a pair ofperforations longitudinally alined midway of the sides of the brick andspaced apart to correspond substantially to the width of the brick,together with reenforcing metal rods of different lengths embedded attheir lower ends in the concrete foundation and extended upwardly thruthe perforations in the successive courses of brick.

Another object is to provide metal ties secured to the reenforcing rodsbetween several courses of the brick and permanently fastened at theirinner ends to joists or beams whereby the frame work of a building maybe rigidly and permanently tied to the brick walls thereof.

In the consideration of this invention it may be understood that theprovision of a pair of apertures in each brick of a structure is soarranged that the apertures of one birick will overlie and register withthe apertures of adjacent bricks in upper and lower courses regardlessof the disposition of the bricks longituditudinally or transversely of awall. Thus when the vertical reenforcing rods are embedded at theirlower ends in a concrete foundation for a wall structure and areproperly spaced apart to correspond to the spacing of the perforationsin the bricks, the bricks of each successive course may be threaded onthe upstanding rods and laid as usual upon a bed of mortar. At suitableintervals in each course, or in certain courses, some or all of thebricks in a course may be laid transversely instead of longitudinallyfor bonding the adjacent tiers of brick in a wall together.

Also, by the employment of reenforced concrete beams on a wall structureat desired elevations, the vertical reenforcing rods may be embedded insuch beams when the beams are molded, thereby providing a substantiallyunitary wall structure with two or more tiers of brick in which thetiers are positively tied to- ,gether at frequent intervals, and thebricks of each course are similarly tied so as to prevent separation ofthe tiers and separation of the bricks in a course.

Other objects may appear as the description progresses.

In the accompanying drawing I have shown a preferred form of structurein which,

Fig, 1 is an enlarged fragmentary plan show- 5 ing a course of bricks ina wall structure with the brick laid transversely and longitudinally ina plurality of rows for bonding the rows together, and also for tyingthe bricks in each course against separation, as by means of shocks or10 earthquakes.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a brick showing a a pair of aperturestherein for receiving the reenforcing rods.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary perspective view of a 15 brick wall structureembodying my improve ments.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary exterior elevation of a brick wall embodying myimprovements and supported on a reenforced concrete foundation 0 with areenforced concrete beam arranged longitudinally in the wall andanchored to the brick.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing a fragment of a concrete foundationin a plastic state within wooden forms and a template superposed Z5thereon by means of which the reenforcing rods for the brick wallstructure may be embedded at their lower ends in the unset concretefoundation preparatory tolaying the brick wall thereon.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional elevation of a 30 brick wall structureshowing the method of anchoring the brick to a molded concrete beam in awall.

Figs. 7 and 8 are, respectively, a fragmentary plan and a fragmentarysectional elevation of a wall structure showing the method of anchoringfloor joists and other framing members of a structure to a wall.

The invention contemplates primarily the utl-- lization of brick ofstandard commercial size and quality which, however, differ from bricknow in use only in that each brick B when molded is provided with a pairof longitudinally spaced perforations H, as shown in Fig. 2. Saidperforations are alined on the longitudinal axis of the brick 45 and arespaced apart for a distance to correspond substantially to the width ofthe brick. The perforations are positioned inwardly from the ends of thebrick at distances equal to one-half the width of the brick. Thus eachof the perforations H is positioned at an equal distance from theadjacent end and the two sides of the brick so that, as shownvin Fig. 1,when the bricks are laid longitudinally or transversely in a wall all ofthe perforations 1-1 will be both longitudinally and transverselyalined. The perforations H are adapted to be threaded onto verticallydisposed reenforcing rods R, R etc., but are preferably of substantiallylarger area than the rod. Thus the bricks may be readily positioned onthe rods and may be laid with their outer edges flush, as shown in Figs.Band 4, by tapping the bricks as in other types of brick wallstructures.

The clearance of the rods R in the perforations 'H should be suflicientto permit the alinement of the bricks in a course, and particularly onthe outer or inner face of the wall.

As shown in Fig. 5, when the concrete foundation F is poured into theforms F, a template T of wood or metal may be laid upon the top of a thefoundation and rods R, R may be projected downwardly thru perforationsin the template T so that their lower ends will be embedded and firmlyanchored in the concrete of the foundation before it has set. In thisconnection, it is apparent that the spacing and arrangement of theperforations in the template T should correspond to the spacing andarrangement ofthe perforations H in the bricks of the wall structure.

Preferablytherods 'R, R, as shown in Figs. 3 and 5, arerof varyinglength and are arranged with longitudinal and short rods alternating ina given longitudinal line in the position of each rowof a wall. With thelowermost set of rods R anchored in the foundation F when the foundationis set and in readiness to receive the brick wall structure the top ofthe foundation is as f usual coated with a bed of mortar upon which thelowermost course of bricks B is laid, said bricks being threaded ontotherods R in the process of laying. AS'jSllCCBSSlVE courses are laidthey are likewise provided with a coating of mortar to receive thecourse of brick next uppermost.

Pressure is' applied to each course, as is usual in the laying of brickwalls and the outermost bricks ofeach course are alined by a suitabletool for providing flush outer and inner faces.

- As previously described, the size of the apertures H' permits theadjustment of the bricks individually to a position ofalinement withadjacent bricks in the wall, and the mortar bed beneath each course ofbrick necessarily enters the upper and lower extremities of theapertures H so as to fill the clearance spaces in said apertures aroundthe rods R.

' The longest of the rods R, for convenience in laying the brick, shouldnot exceed three feet.

When a course of brick has been laid to apoint flush with or above theupper extremities of any of the rods R, new rods are inserted in thecorresponding apertures of the bricks" which form extensions. Thus' atno point in the elevation of the wall structure can any of the brickstherein be disconnected from the other bricks in its course,

and no course is disconnected at any point from an adjacent course.

As shown in Fig. 6, at frequent intervals in a wall a reenforcedconcrete beam C may be molded in the wall and extended longitudinallythereof, and insuch case the upper ends of the rods R which reenforcethe brick below the beam are extended upwardly into and are anchored inthe concrete beam. In like manner the brick courses, laid upon said beamwhen it is set are anchored to the beam by reason of the fact that thelower ends of the reenforcing rods R in the super-structure are alsoanchored in the concrete beam as in the 7 case of the foundation F andby a similar method and means. Thus the beam C is positively andpermanently anchored to the sub-structure and the super-structure of awall associated therewith.

At any elevation on the structure, as for instance at the foundationline, as shown in Fig. 8, or. at pth'eilevel of a second or third story,or at the roof line, joists orbeams J may be securely anchored to thewall structure by means of metal anchors D which may be of varyinglength and provided with loops d'adapted to be threaded onto thevertical rods R in some or all of the courses of a wall and betweenseveral courses so that their inner extended ends d may be bent thrusuitable perforations in the members J and thence over the oppositesides of said members and stapled or otherwise secured at e to themembers J. Preferably, as shown in Fig. 8, each of the members J will betied or anchored to the wall at a plurality of points so as to firmlytie the frame of the building to the wall.

It will be apparent that the structure shown and described herein is nota radical departure from the standard building practice, but provides ina brick structure substantially the same rigidity as in a, reenforcedconcrete structure, thereby eliminating the possibility of seriousfractures in the structure .due to earthquake shocks or other causes.

- What I claim is:

A reenforced brick structure comprising in combination a cementitiousfoundation, a plurality'of vertically disposed reenforcing rods havingtheir lower ends embedded and anchored in said foundation, a pluralityof rows and courses of brick superposedon said foundation to form awall, the brick in each of said courses being provided with'perforationscorrespondingly spaced to receive said rods, and a moldedcementitious'beain interposed betweencertain courses of said brick andhaving the upper ends of certain of the reenforcing rods and the lowerends of the other of said rods anchored therein.

HENRY J HINCKE.

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